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IP (Induced Polarization) / Resistivity

Purpose: The IP/Resistivity method is used extensively for mineral exploration and environmental studies. This technique is valuable for identifying subsurface features by detecting chargeability and resistivity, which are influenced by mineral content, grain size, and distribution.

CSAMT (Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magneto-Tellurics) Method

Purpose: The CSAMT method is a powerful tool for subsurface resistivity mapping, primarily used in mineral, oil, and geothermal exploration, as well as for geologic mapping and groundwater studies. It provides deep penetration capabilities, making it ideal for detecting features at significant depths.

TDEM (Time Domain Electro-Magnetics) Method

Purpose: The TDEM method is widely used for identifying conductive targets in the subsurface, making it ideal for exploring base metals, graphite, and uranium deposits. TDEM surveys are highly effective in locating these targets by measuring conductivity over time after a magnetic field is applied.

Gravity Method

Purpose: Gravity surveys are a key tool in mineral exploration and geotechnical studies, as they detect density variations in the subsurface. This method is especially useful for locating deposits of gold, base metals, and diamonds, and for identifying buried bedrock and structural features in geotechnical projects. 

Magnetics Method

Purpose: Magnetic surveys are essential for identifying geological structures and mineral deposits, especially in gold and base metal exploration. These surveys detect variations in the Earth's magnetic field, which can indicate the presence of mineralization or structural features that serve as conduits for economic minerals.

GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) Method

Purpose: Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a versatile method for shallow subsurface imaging, widely used in applications from mineral exploration to environmental and construction studies. GPR provides high-resolution data on subsurface features, especially in low-conductivity materials, making it valuable for locating specific targets and mapping stratigraphy.

EM31, EM34, EM39, EM61 Methods

Purpose: The EM (Electromagnetic) methods, using Geonics instruments like EM31, EM34, EM39, and EM61, are crucial for detecting and mapping subsurface features. These methods excel in environmental surveys, identifying buried metal, soil contamination, utilities, and other geotechnical targets.

Seismic Method

Purpose: Seismic surveys are essential for mapping subsurface structures, especially depth to bedrock and soil layering. Seismic refraction and MASW (Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves) methods are commonly applied to determine material properties like stiffness, shear wave velocity, and compression wave velocity, making them valuable for geotechnical, construction, and environmental projects.

MaxMin & VLF-EM Method

Purpose: MaxMin and VLF-EM (Very Low Frequency Electromagnetics) are electromagnetic methods widely used in mineral exploration and environmental studies. These methods are effective for detecting conductive targets and geological structures in varied terrains, including areas with dense vegetation.

4-Pin Wenner Array and Resistivity Imaging

Purpose: The 4-Pin Wenner Array and resistivity imaging methods are essential for assessing subsurface resistivity, often used in electrical grounding design, soil characterization, and site planning in industrial and geotechnical projects. These methods help define subsurface conductivity variations that inform construction, grounding systems, and environmental assessments.

Radiodetection Method

Purpose: The Radiodetection method is a precise and efficient tool for locating underground utilities and infrastructure. It is widely used in Subsurface Utility Engineering (SUE) to trace pipes, cables, and live utility lines, essential for construction and excavation planning.

Borehole Logging Method

Purpose: Borehole logging is a versatile technique for characterizing subsurface formations, providing detailed data on geological, hydrological, and structural properties. It is widely used in mineral exploration, environmental studies, and geotechnical assessments to enhance understanding of subsurface conditions.

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